Cardinal Flower

Black Truffle Cardinal Flower

Lobelia cardinalis 'Black Truffle'

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Black Truffle carries chocolate-purple foliage under the scarlet flower spikes, so the plant has presence all season rather than only in bloom. Lobelia cardinalis 'Black Truffle' grows 3 to 4 feet tall and 2 to 3 feet wide in full sun to part sun, hardy from Zone 5 through Zone 9.

The dark leaves emerge in spring and hold their color through summer, and the red flower spikes open against them in late summer for a contrast the green-leaved form does not offer.

Hummingbirds are the primary pollinator, and the tubular flowers are shaped so that almost nothing else can reach the nectar.

Cardinal flower grows wild along streambanks and in wet meadows, so it takes wet ground and even shallow standing water. It struggles in a dry bed. Like the species it is short-lived, so leave the seedheads standing and let it self-sow. A winter mulch helps, though keep the basal rosette at the surface.

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Size at Maturity

Height 3'- 4' Spread 2'- 3'

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Growing Zone

USDA Hardiness Zones 5-9

Lowest Temperatures -20°F to -10°F

Light Requirements

Full sun to part sun- at least 4 hours direct sun per day

Wildlife Benefits

  • Supports Bees
  • Attracts Hummingbirds
  • Attracts Butterflies

Native Range

AL, AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, VT, WI, WV

Seasons of Interest

  • Summer
  • Fall

Planting and Care Guide

Planting Tips

Plant in moist to wet, humus-rich soil. Space 12–18 inches apart. Water thoroughly after planting and mulch 2–3 inches deep. An excellent choice for rain gardens, pond edges, and consistently moist borders.

Care Tips

Water generously and consistently- cardinal flower is a native wetland plant that thrives with reliable moisture and declines quickly in dry soil. Deadhead spent flower spikes to encourage side shoots and extended bloom. Cut back to the ground in late fall or early spring. Divide every 2–3 years in spring, as cardinal flower is relatively short-lived and benefits from regular division to stay vigorous. Allow some self-seeding to perpetuate the planting. Highly attractive to hummingbirds. Largely pest-free.

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