Noble Maiden Lupine

Plant in spring or fall in moist, well-drained, slightly acidic soil, spacing 18–24 inches apart. Noble Maiden is a classic lupine with pure white, tall flower spikes in late spring and early summer. Lupines perform best in cool, moist conditions and do not thrive in hot, humid climates. Incorporate compost into the planting area and water well. They fix nitrogen in the soil through root nodules.

Deadhead spent flower spikes promptly to encourage a second flush of bloom and prevent excessive self-seeding. Lupines are relatively short-lived but self-seed readily to maintain a colony in the garden. Do not divide — they have deep taproots. All parts are toxic if ingested. Fertilize lightly in spring. The tall, colorful flower spikes are classic cottage garden elements beloved by hummingbirds and bumblebees.